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TRABZON
Trabzon was founded by the
colonist from Miletus. During the campaign of Xenephon the retreat of
10.000s, Xenephon and his companions stopped in Trapezus where where local
population offered gifts to Zeus and organized games in honor of our heroes.
During the course of history, Trapezus was the beginning of a very important
trade road, which linked Black Sea to Persia. During the wars between
Mihridates, the Romans who made Trapesus a free city did not destroy the
king of Pontus and Romans, the city. During the time of roman Emperor
Hadrian, many attractive monuments were built in the town and the harbor was
artificially carved. Emperor Justianian rebuilt the town in the sixth
century and built city walls around the town. During the XI, century, new
walls were built to protect the city form the Seljuk Turks. When the Forth
Crusade tool over Constantinople, two sons of Andronicus I escaped from the
city and settled in Trapezus. One of them, prince Alexis Commenos received
the title of new Byzantine emperor and him and his successors ruled until
1461. Although Commenos family established friendship with Paleologus and
Crusaders, they had to fight against Genoese who tried to establish a
monopoly over the sea trade of Black Sea Region. The Commenos family of
Trabzon managed to stop the attacks of Seljuk Turks and Mongols during the
12th and 13th centuries. After the fall of Constantinople, Trabzon stayed as
a last holding place against Ottoman Turks until 1461. However, during the
Ottoman conquest of Black Sea, Treapezus became Ottoman soil and it was
important city of trade because of its relation.
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